[Q399-Q415] Updated Sep-2026 Exam Engine or PDF for the VTNE Tests Free Updated Today!

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Updated Sep-2026 Exam Engine or PDF for the VTNE Tests Free Updated Today!

Ultimate Guide to Prepare VTNE with Accurate PDF Questions

AAVSB VTNE Exam Syllabus Topics:

Section	Weight	Objectives
Laboratory Procedures	12%	– Diagnostic Testing 1. Urinalysis 2. Hematology 3. Microbiology
Pharmacy and Pharmacology	12%	– Medication Preparation 1. Drug Calculations 2. Controlled Substance Handling 3. Drug Administration
Anesthesia	15%	– Anesthetic Procedures 1. Anesthetic Monitoring 2. Patient Recovery 3. Equipment Management
Pain Management and Analgesia	7%	– Pain Control 1. Postoperative Pain Management 2. Analgesic Administration 3. Pain Assessment
Surgical Nursing	11%	– Perioperative Procedures 1. Patient Monitoring 2. Surgical Preparation 3. Instrument Sterilization
Animal Care and Nursing	20%	– Patient Care 1. Hospital Nursing Care 2. Nutrition 3. Animal Handling
Diagnostic Imaging	7%	– Imaging Techniques 1. Image Processing 2. Radiation Safety 3. Radiography
Dentistry	8%	– Dental Procedures 1. Dental Prophylaxis 2. Dental Radiography 3. Oral Examination
Emergency Medicine and Critical Care	8%	– Emergency Procedures 1. Trauma Management 2. Critical Patient Monitoring 3. CPR

NEW QUESTION 399
Diagnostic quality radiographs typically require orthogonal views. Which of the following pairs describe orthogonal views?

Straight medial and dorsomedial-palmarolateral oblique views of the carpus of a horse

Ventrodorsal and right lateral views of the abdomen of a ferret

Left lateral and right lateral views of the thorax of a cat

Extended and deep flexed lateral views of the elbow of a dog

NEW QUESTION 400
What name is given to a muscle that is the primary producer of a movement?

Synergist

Antagonist

Adductor

Agonist

NEW QUESTION 401
What is a common clinical sign associated with Lyme disease in horses?

Icterus

Colic

Lameness or muscle swelling

Anemia

NEW QUESTION 402
Your practice software permits text messaging. Your client service representatives send reminder messages about appointments via text. Surgery texts are sending text messages with patient updates. This lets the owners get updates before the veterinarian can talk with them. Updates can also be sent about hospitalized patients.
Regardless, you want to ensure that when using text messaging for communication, you do all of the following, except:

Always assume that text messages are not private and can be shared with others

Be brief and concise

Give bad news

Do not use acronyms

NEW QUESTION 403
Pyrethrins are a class of contact parasiticide commonly used on cattle, swine, and dogs to prevent host-parasite interaction against which of the following parasites?

Mosquitos

Fleas

Heartworms

Ticks, mosquitos, and fleas

NEW QUESTION 404
A client comes to you requesting behavioral advice for her two-year-old FS mixed-breed dog. The dog used to be fine with plastic grocery bags and has suddenly become petrified. The owner lives in a small studio apartment with an alcove. The dog is crated when she’s not home. However, since the fear of grocery bags started, the dog will tremble in the crate if she has to bring in the groceries. If she puts the bag down to let the dog out of the crate, she will not come out until the groceries are put away, the bags are out of sight, and the owner settles on the couch. The owner asks you about desensitization training.
Which of the following describes a component of desensitization training?

Associating a previously innocuous stimulus with one that initiates a reaction

Identifying a non-stressful place to begin and gradually introducing the fear-inducing stimulus, increasing duration and intensity over time

The animal’s response to the same stimulus decreases in intensity over time

The animal develops a stronger response to the same stimulus over time

Classical conditioning is when a learner associates something innocuous with something that initiates a response. When you pair these two stimuli over time, they elicit a response together or separately. This type of conditioning is an automatic or involuntary response. Think about a dog who hears the can of food open and starts drooling (Pavlovian response). The dog recognizes that after that sound, food is served.
Sensitization occurs when an animal develops a stronger response to the same stimulus over time. This is the opposite of what we want in this patient.
With habituation, the learner’s response to the same stimulus (grocery bags entering the home) decreases in intensity over time. This type of learning involves no treats/rewards. An example would be a home generator that has recently been installed that turns itself on once weekly to check function. Initially, the dog reacts to the sound, goes to check it out, and maybe even barks, but week after week, month after month, the dog no longer reacts because the pet is used to the sound, and it is routine.
However, habituation and sensitization expose an animal to a stimulus without modulating or controlling its intensity. Trying to habituate an animal can actually cause a harmful sensitization response and make the pet more fearful rather than less so.
Desensitization involves identifying a non-stressful place to begin, gradually introducing the fear-inducing stimulus, and increasing duration and intensity over time. Using gradually planned training sessions, you expose the pet on their terms to the item of concern, the plastic bag. You reward the pet for seeing the bag and do so until you can carefully and slowly bring the bag closer and closer to the pet without evoking a negative reaction. If you start to see an ear twitch or the pet looks away, you back up and go to the place where the animal remains engaged and non-fearful. Over time (sometimes a long time), you slowly increase the proximity of the item and the duration exposed, and with a plastic bag, incorporate visualization and the rustling sound they make. You may be fine with an empty bag, but you need to work on bags with things in them. The desensitization process is possible, but takes time and patience from both pet and pet parents. Pairing the reward (treat) with a clicker or other sound, like the word yes, can further reinforce desired behavior and improve success. Determining the point to start and the point that is the non-stress-provoking stage will depend on each pet. Understanding canine body language and subtle cues such as lip licking, turning the head away, and changing the ear position to express dislike of something is key.

NEW QUESTION 405
In the nonpharmacologic management of pain, which choice is not a benefit of electrical stimulation devices such as TENS and NMES?

Enhanced lymphatic flow

Reduced edema

Provides pain control

Improved wound healing

NEW QUESTION 406
Where is the visceral pleura found?

Covering the lungs

Lining the abdominal cavity

Covering the heart

Lining the thoracic cavity

NEW QUESTION 407
What is anisocoria?

The patient’s rib cage is moving in the opposite direction from the chest wall

A difference in the size of the patient’s pupils

The patient’s jaw is not aligned properly with the rest of the face

The patient’s body is curled forward and stiffened

NEW QUESTION 408
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications should not be administered concurrently with which of the following drug classes?

Corticosteroids

Sedatives

Antibiotics

Opioids

NEW QUESTION 409
Hydatid cysts are associated with which parasite?

Tapeworms

Hookworms

Roundworms

Pinworms

NEW QUESTION 410
In many species, which of the following often results in an emergency cesarean section?

Dysbiosis

Dyspnea

Distoclusion

Dystocia

NEW QUESTION 411
Where is the pericardium found?

Lining the thorax

Covering the lungs

Lining the abdomen

Covering the heart

NEW QUESTION 412
Which term describes a radiographic contrast study of the kidneys?

Excretory urogram

Retrograde cystourethrogram

Double contrast cystogram

Voiding urethrogram

NEW QUESTION 413
Horses that have been administered benzodiazepine tranquilizers may experience all except which of the following?

Mild ataxia

Weakness

Muscle fasciculations

CNS excitement

NEW QUESTION 414
Which component of anesthesia protocols provides pain relief?

Anticholinergic

Analgesia

Amnesia

Immobilization

NEW QUESTION 415
You are performing a dental cleaning and prophy. When using a curette in a pocket, what angulation of the face of the instrument should you use?

10 to 25 degrees

60 to 80 degrees

45 to 90 degrees

As close to zero as possible